Filing for Divorce or Separation in California
Dissolving a marriage in Orange County, California begins with either the husband or wife filing what is known as a Petition [for Divorce], which is California form FL-100 available here. The party filing the petition is known as the Petitioner.
The party responding to the petition (the spouse of the Petitioner) is known as the Respondent.
Prior to filing a petition, the filer must have been a resident in the state of California for at least 6 months prior, and a resident of the county they're filing within for at least 3 months. Upon filing, there is a fee of $435 (as of May 2015) for filing this petition. This fee can be waived by a judge in cases of financial hardship.
Upon filing, the Respondent must be officially given a hard copy of the Petition along with a Summons
and any other required documents. Generally the Petitioner will use a licensed and recognized Process Server
for this. Upon reception of the documents, the Respondent has now officially been Served with Process.
Responding to Served Divorce Papers
At this point the Respondent will have 30 days to respond. This must be a formal Response (done in court), which carries with it another $435 fee (as of May 2015). If a spouse refuses to take action within this 30 day period, a Judgment and Default may be issued against them.
Any legal expert will tell you that in most situations, it is appropriate to seek the help of a divorce attorney if you have been served divorce papers. This is especially true if you stand to lose a lot (there are children/animals involved or a large amount of property/capital/potential spousal support).
What Can be Lost/Gained in a Divorce
Children: The future of children will be completely in play during the following proceedings. Who the live with, who gets to see them and how often and of course, who will be responsible for financially supporting them. Financial support includes everything from health care to schooling and food.
Spousal Support: The court might also determine that you are required to support your spouse financially for a certain amount of time. This could include some or all of housing, food, transportation, etc.
Property / Finances: Courts will be used to determine the allocation of properties and investments acquired during the marriage. This includes everything homes, investments, furniture, cars/vehicles/boats, businesses, retirement/pension funds and any debts.
Items resulting from the divorce process itself: These will include court/attorney fees associated with the process in addition to the date in which the status of the marriage is officially dissolved.